1. What is a photogram?
A photogram is a simple record of light and shadow.
2. There are two methods of making a photogram. In detail compare and contrast each method. Find the similarities and differences.
For printed-out photograms, a darkroom is not necessary, but the process takes a few hours of being in the light. The process is very similar to how tan lines form on our skin, but the lines are formed in the emulsion of the photo paper. The other method for creating photograms is the developed-out method, which is much more effective because the image will never fade since a fix chemical is used to keep the image constant. Another major difference is that for the developed-out method, the light is flashed for a short time and then the photo paper is developed in a darkroom.
3. Describe “exposure” and give an example.
Exposure refers to the amount of exposure to light the photogram receives affecting how light or dark the image comes out to be.
4. What are the steps to developing an image? List the purpose of each step.
The first step is to put the photo paper in the developer chemical which changes the ghost image by bringing out the silver particles in the emulsion. Secondly, you put the photo paper in the stop bath which ends the development of the photo. Then the photo goes into the fix solution which takes out the unused material in the undeveloped area and makes the photogram safe to have in normal lighting. Finally the photo should be rinsed so the chemicals are all washed off of the photo.
5. Look at the images on page 5. What do you notice happening in the negative and positive photogram? Describe what a negative image is.
The difference between the negative and positive photogram is that in the positive, everything that is black in the negative becomes white. Negative images are the original photo that can later be turned into a positive image.
6. In detail, compare and contrast the wet & dry process for making a positive image.
The wet process does not require the negative image to be dried after development which shortens the time needed for the process. This process requires you to hold the negative and a new sheet of photo paper together while washing them, then you flash the light for one second and develop. For the dry process you take the dried negative, and place a new sheet of photo paper on top of it, then put a piece of glass on top to hold them in place. After that you flash a light and develop the positive.
7. Photograms offer a unique form of expression. What do you think makes them interesting and unique?
The abstract nature of how the objects used show up on the photo paper after development.
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